TOEFL 英文寫作常用語

文章結構

列舉論點:

To start, To begin with, First, First of all, Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly, Lastly, Finally, In the end

Besides, Moreover, Additionally, In addition, furthermore, Also, likewise, Most importantly


下結論:

As a conclusion, In conclusion, In summay, To sum up, All in all, In short

常用連接詞:

And, so, for, but, yet,

常用轉折詞:

However, Yet, Still, (Nonetheless, Nevertheless), While, Whereas, 
雖然
Though, regardless of, In spite of, Despite
相反地
By contrast, In contrast, On the contrary, Instead, Instead,



因果關係
So, Therefore, As a consequence, As a result, Hence, Consequently

因為

Because, the end result is that, for the reason that,
既然
Since,

導致/造成

Cause to V / Cause N , Lead to ; Bring about, Result in, account for
肇因於
Because of, Result from, Stem from, Due to, Thanks to, Owing to,

表示程度
當然的、絕對的、不能否認的 
Definitely, certainly, absolutely, Of course, undoubtedly, admittedly, undeniably, understandably, it is well-justified, it is justifiable.

可能的

   Presumably, probably, possibly, potentially, likely, perhaps
武斷的
   Overbearing,
精明的 savvy, prudent  
精明 acumen
重要的、關鍵的
Essential, Significant, crucial, important, vital, critical, notable, pivotal, indispensible  
主要的
Prime, subprime, main, overriding, of priority  
輕微的
Slight, minute
不重要的、次要的
Insignificant, marginal, tangential, minor 

Issue


就(你我他)而言

As far as I am concerned, As for me, To my opinion,
In my view/perspective/
From sb’s angle

考慮到

Considering, given, given that, when it comes to, with an eye on, in sight of, in terms of,  

即使儘管

Even if, even though, / Aside from, Apart from, in spite of, despite



在某種程度上/層次上

To some extend, to the extend of, at __ level
在這個尺度下
To that extent, to that degree, insofar, in this context.
在某些情況下
Under some circumstances





根據 According to, Based on, on the basis of ,accordingly


來說 Frankly/honestly/precisely/generally/narrowly/ fundamentally/  speaking


Basically, Actually, Apparently, Accordingly, Obviously, evidently, Ironically, Certainly, Understandably, Admittedly


目前Today, Nowadays, at present, to date.

過份強調: exaggerate, overstate, overemphasize, overweigh,
低估: underestimate, overlook,
勝過outdo, outweigh, outstand, outshine, outstrip
同意 concede/ accede/ agree
反對 disagree/ discord /oppose/disapprove
阻礙 inhibit/ impede/ obliterate
確保 ensure/
加劇 exacerbate/ aggravate/ 
減緩 emollient/ mollify/ alleviate/ sooth
增加 augment/ exalt/ promote/
減少 diminish/ abate/ enervate

假設

Assuming, suppose, if ,
理所當然
Take for granted, merited
理性的
Dispassionate
冷靜的
Reasonable, sensible,
公正的
Disinterested
偏見

Predisposition biases

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